Foreword 7
Chapter One. The First Half of the 19th Century 9
Simón Bolivar: Letter from Jamaica, September 6, 1815 10
The Monroe Doctrine, December 2, 1823 17
President James Polk’s First Annual Message, December 2, 1845 20
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, February 2, 1848 23
Chapter Two. The Cuban-American Affairs 27
John Quincy Adams’ Letter to Hugh Nelson, April 28, 1823 28
The Ostend Manifest, October 15, 1854 32
José Martí, Nuestra America (Our America), January 30, 1891 35
The Decision to Act Against Spain, William McKinley, April 11, 1898 41
The Teller Amendment, April 20, 1898 48
The Platt Amendment, March 2, 1902 50
Fidel Castro’s Address before the U.N. General Assembly, September 26, 1960 51
Chapter Three. Inter-oceanic Canal in Central America 59
The Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, April 19, 1850 60
The Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, November 18, 1901 62
The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty, November 18, 1903 64
Torrijos-Carter Treaties, September 7, 1977 67
Chapter Four. At the Turn of the 19th and 20th Century 71
James Blaine Opening Address at the First International American Conference, October 2, 1889 72
The Olney Memorandum, July 20, 1895 74
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine 77
The Fourth International American Conference, July 20 – August 30, 1910 81
Woodrow Wilson Non-recognition Doctrine 85
A Latin American Doctrine of Anti-imperialism, Victor Haya de la Torre, 1926 87
Chapter Five. Good Neighbor Policy 91
The Clark Memorandum, December 17, 1928 92
Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the Good Neighbor Policy 93
The Anti-war Treaty of Non-aggression and Conciliation (Saavedra Lamas Treaty), October 10, 1933 95
7th International Conference of American States, Montevideo, December 26, 1933 98
Declaration of Principles of Inter-American Solidarity and Cooperation, December 21, 1936 102
Chapter Six. Inter-American System 105
The Act of Chapultepec, March 6, 1945 106
The Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, September 2, 1947 110
The Charter of the Organization of American States, April 30, 1948 113
American Treaty on Pacifi c Settlement (Pact of Bogota), April 30, 1948 120
Resolutions Adopted at the Eighth Meeting of Consultation of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Punta del Este, Uruguay, January 22–31, 1962 126
Chapter Seven. The Cold War in the Western Hemisphere 133
Caracas Declaration of Solidarity, March 28, 1954 134
The Alliance for Progress 136
The Second Declaration of Havana, February 4, 1962 144
Guerilla Warfare: A Method, 1963 151
The National Security of All the Americas Is at Stake in Central America 157
Chapter Eight. The End of the Cold War and Democratization 161
The Enterprise for the Americas Initiative, 1990 162
The Santiago Declaration and the Mechanism of Defending Democracy in America, 1991 164
Declaration of Managua, 1993 168
The North American Free Trade Agreement / Tratado de Libre Comercio en America del Norte, 1994 171
Chapter Nine. The Summits of the Americas 177
The First Summit of the Americas, Miami, December 9–11, 1994 178
The Second Summit of the Americas, Santiago de Chile, April 18–19, 1998 181
The Third Summit of the Americas, Quebec City, April 20–22, 2001 185
The Fourth Summit of the Americas, Mar del Plata, November 5, 2005 189
Chapter Ten. The War on Drugs 195
Richard Nixon’s “War on Drugs” 196
Illegal Drugs as a Threat to National Security and the Certifi cation Procedure 200
Plan Colombia, 2000 205
Merida Initiative 212
